ECONOMIC SURVEY 2025

 

The Economic Survey 2025 is a comprehensive report presented by the Government of India, offering an in-depth analysis of the nation's economic performance over the past fiscal year. Traditionally tabled in Parliament a day before the Union Budget, this document serves as a precursor, setting the stage for policy decisions and financial planning. Authored under the guidance of the Chief Economic Advisor, the survey delves into various sectors, highlights key trends, and provides policy recommendations to address challenges and foster growth.

Key Highlights of the Economic Survey 2025:

1. State of the Economy: The survey underscores a steady economic trajectory, emphasizing resilience amidst global uncertainties. It notes a moderate GDP growth rate, driven by robust performances in the services and agriculture sectors. However, industrial output faced challenges due to supply chain disruptions and fluctuating global demand.

2. Monetary Management and Financial Intermediation: Monetary policy remained accommodative, focusing on liquidity support and ensuring financial stability. The banking sector showed signs of recovery, with improved asset quality and credit growth, attributed to various government initiatives and reforms.

3. Prices and Inflation: Inflation rates were largely under control, staying within the targeted range. The survey attributes this stability to effective supply-side management and favorable monsoon conditions, which bolstered agricultural output.

4. External Sector: The external sector exhibited stability, with a manageable current account deficit and robust foreign exchange reserves. Export growth was notable in sectors like pharmaceuticals and information technology, while imports saw a decline due to reduced oil prices.

5. Climate Change and Energy Transition: The survey highlights India's commitment to sustainable development, detailing progress in renewable energy adoption and outlining strategies to balance economic growth with environmental conservation.

6. Social Sector Initiatives: Significant strides were made in healthcare and education, with increased public expenditure aimed at improving accessibility and quality. The survey also discusses the impact of various social welfare schemes on poverty alleviation and employment generation.

7. Agriculture and Food Management: The agricultural sector experienced growth, supported by favorable weather and government policies promoting crop diversification and technological adoption. Food grain production reached new highs, ensuring food security and price stability.

8. Industry and Infrastructure: While the industrial sector faced challenges, infrastructure development remained a priority, with substantial investments in transportation, telecommunications, and urban development projects aimed at enhancing connectivity and boosting economic activity.

9. Services Sector: The services sector continued to be a major contributor to GDP, with significant growth in IT, financial services, and tourism. The survey emphasizes the need for policy support to sustain this momentum and address emerging challenges.

10. Employment and Skill Development: Efforts were intensified to bridge the skill gap, with various initiatives aimed at enhancing employability and promoting entrepreneurship. The survey discusses the importance of aligning educational curricula with industry requirements to meet the evolving demands of the labor market.

Policy Recommendations:

The Economic Survey 2025 advocates for continued structural reforms to enhance productivity and competitiveness. Key recommendations include:

• Deregulation: Simplifying regulatory frameworks to foster ease of doing business and attract investments.

• Fiscal Consolidation: Maintaining fiscal discipline while ensuring adequate public investment in critical sectors.

• Innovation and Technology Adoption: Encouraging innovation and the adoption of advanced technologies across industries to drive growth.

• Sustainable Development: Balancing economic objectives with environmental sustainability through green initiatives and renewable energy investments.

Conclusion:

The Economic Survey 2025 provides a detailed overview of India's economic landscape, highlighting achievements, identifying challenges, and proposing actionable strategies for sustained growth. As a precursor to the Union Budget, it sets the tone for policy formulation, aiming to steer the economy towards resilience, inclusivity, and sustainability.

Note: For a comprehensive understanding, readers are encouraged to refer to the full Economic Survey 2025 document available on the official government website.